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and/or RT­qPCR with species ­specific primers. and NX­2 (16 2 � 3 1) isolates Significant difer­ J R TUCKER AND A BADEA Department of
These genes included transcription factors ences were obser ved for mycotoxin accumu­ Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,
cell signalling proteins and efectors characte­ lation among chemotypes which was highest MB R3T 2N2 Canada; (D.F.) Department of Plant
riZed in U. maydis, as well as their orthologs in for 3ADON (14 1 � 2 26 fg kg ) There was no Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
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S. reilianum During the hybrid infection these interaction between chemotype and wheat R3T 2N2 Canada; and (A. B. and J.T.) Agriculture
virulence genes had altered transcript levels line for disease severity or mycotoxin and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research and
relative to the parental dikaryon infections Development Centre, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3
Genes involved in late development were 73. Impact of long­term nitrogen fertil­ Canada.
either downregulated or not detected in the ization on soil organic carbon, total soil
hybrid suggesting that the hybrid's pathoge­ nitrogen and future production in contin­ Fusarium head blight (FHB) of barley causes
nic development had stalled To determine if uous corn (Zea mays L.) in Ontario significant losses for the malting and brewing
hybrid pathogenesis could be altered charac­ A BAILEY J NASIELSKI B DEEN AND K industry; however there has been insuf­
teriZed U. maydis virulence genes were cons­ JANOVICEK Department of Plant Agriculture, ficient attention towards understanding
titutively expressed in the U. maydis nucleus University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, fungal growth and deoxynivalenol mycotoxin
of the hybrid Little impact was obser ved in ON N1G 2W1, Canada. production during the malting process Barley
hybrids with increased expression of tin2, pit2, varieties Newdale (moderately resistant to
and cce1 efectors which are known to modify Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertiliZation can change moderately susceptible to FHB) and AAC
host response However increased expression soil properties such as soil organic carbon Goldman (moderately resistant to FHB) were
of rbf1 and hdp2, transcription factors that are (SOC) over time leading to longer­term chang­ inoculated with single strain conidial sus­
known to regulate early­stage specific patho­ es in crop productivity in corn­based cropping pensions of each of seven diferent Fusarium
genic development increased the hybrid's systems However existing studies have found graminearum strains (plus a non­inoculated
ability to infect and induce symptoms inclu­ positive negative and neutral responses of control) In 2019 FHB se verity was higher in
ding the rare induction of small leaf tumors SOC to long­term N fertiliZation To investigate Newdale (9% by visual assessment) than in
These results establish a base for investigating the impact of long­term N fertiliZation on soil AAC Goldman (3%) and similar diferences
molecular aspects of fungal hybrid pathogen properties in a continuous corn rotation a were obser ved for the fungal load (940 6 vs
emergence ten­year N rate (2009 -2018) experiment was 423 7 Fusarium barley gene abundance ratio)
established in Elora Ontario Plots received and deoxynivalenol content (3 2 vs 2 8 ppm
72. The chemotypes 3ADON, 15ADON, NIV, one of six N rates (30­260 kg­N ha ) each year via ELISA) We micro­malted this barley and
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and NX­2 of Fusarium graminearum vary SOC total soil N and other soil properties found that cultivar diferences in Fusarium­re­
in aggressiveness on wheat were measured in each plot at the start and lated variables persisted afer malting; fungal
G SINGH AND R KUTCHER Crop Development end of the trial To investigate the legacy efect load in the final malt was 17 03 in Ne wdale vs
Centre/Department of Plant Sciences, Universi­ of historic N rate on crop productivity in 2019 12 14 in AAC Goldman and deoxynivalenol
ty of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. afer trial conclusion all plots were planted to content was 3 8 vs 1 4 ppm Deoxynivalenol
corn and fertiliZed with a N­limiting rate to 58 content increased in Newdale through the
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The aggressiveness of Fusarium graminearum kg­N ha SOC increased in all treatments over malting process but was reduced in AAC Gold­
chemotypes was assessed in a greenhouse ten years with no significant efect of N rate on man Diferences among cultivars were again
experiment on spring wheat genotypes that SOC accumulation despite large diferences in evident in 2020 FHB se verity was 38% in Ne w­
varied in resistance to Fusarium head blight residue C additions No diferences in total soil dale vs 21% in AAC Goldman the fungal load
(FHB) Fifeen isolates (five 3ADON five N were obser ved afer 10 years across N rates was 9 7 vs 4 4 and deoxynivalenol content
15ADON three NIV and two NX­2) of F. gram­ despite large diferences in N balances across was 1 2 vs 0 7 ppm Toxin production varied
inearum isolated from Saskatchewan wheat treatments At higher N rates with positive N among the seven pathogen strains as it was
fields were evaluated using point inoculation balances fertiliZer N not taken up by the crop higher for 3­acetyl­deoxynivalenol compared
(Type II resistance assay) Evaluation was on does not accumulate in soil and appears to to 15­acetyl­deoxynivalenol isolates The out­
three wheat genotypes assessed as resistant be lost to the environment Corn yield in 2019 come of this work will help to develop novel
moderately resistant and susceptible to FHB was unafected by historic N rate These results management strategies that could improve
and near­isogenic lines (NILs) in the CDC Go suggest that variations in N rate within the typ­ malt quality
(moderately susceptible) background carr ying ical range common in Ontario corn production
Fhb quantitative trait loci (QTL) in four combi­ has minimal impact of agronomic relevance 75. Pathogenicity of Fusarium grami-
nations Fhb1 Fhb2 Fhb5, and Fhb1+Fhb2+F­ on soil properties nearum and F. poae Causing Fusarium
hb5 All four F. graminearum chemotypes were Head Blight on Barley Under Controlled
pathogenic on wheat and varied in aggres­ 74. Fusarium graminearum infection of Conditions
siveness Disease severity caused by 3ADON differentially resistant barley cultivars K HUDSON L J HARRIS D P OVERY A XUE
15ADON NIV and NX­2 isolates difered with reflect growth and deoxynivalenol A FOSTER AND R KHANAL Ottawa Research
3ADON (29 7 � 3 6) and 15ADON (22 4 � 2 9) production during malting and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-
isolates more aggressive than NIV (16 7 � 2 8) A JAYATHISSA M BAKKER D FERNANDO Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A

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