Page 62 - TriSociety Virtual Event

Abstracts

and Agri-Food Canada, 6947 Hwy#7, Agassiz, 115. Is plant growth regulator applica­ Session 21. Invited keynote
BC V0M 1A0 Canada; (M.E., K.S.) Department tion reliable option for forage seed crop speaker
of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, management in the Peace River Region of
Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (E.I., F.L., N.L.) Canada? 117. Managing soil organic matter for
Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, N KHANAL C L YODER R AZOOZ N RAH­ global food and climate security
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 5403 1st MAN J K OTANI H KLEIN­GEBBINCK P M R LAL CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Ma­
Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; LEIGHTON AND T M GAUTHIER Agriculture nagement and Sequestration, The Ohio State
(M.K.) Brandon Research and Development and Agri-Food Canada, Beaverlodge Research University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Farm, Beaverlodge AB T0H 0C0, Canada; (C.L.Y.,
2701 Grand Valley Road, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, T.M.G.) Peace Region Forage Seed Associa­ Global prevalence of undernutrition for 690
Canada; (H.K., B.T.) Lacombe Research and tion, 904-102 Ave, Dawson Creek, BC V1G 2B7, million may have been increased by another
Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 80 to 132 million (12 to 20%) by the end of
Canada, 6000 C and E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 2020 through disruptions in food production
1W1, Canada;(G.H.R) Department of Renewable Lodging related impairment of fertiliZation and supply chains In addition to undernutri­
Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB and seed development is one of the ma or tion 2 billion people are prone to malnutri­
T6G 2E3, Canada; (G.S.) Agriculture and Agri- constraints to seed yield in forage and turf­ tion The latter; caused by lack of one or more
Food Canada, Beaverlodge Research Farm, grass seed crops Plant growth regulators of several micro nutrients protein and amino
Beaverlodge AB T0H 0C0, Canada; (S.S.) Alberta (PGRs) that reduce cell elongation through the acids; is aggravated by degradation and de­
Wheat and Barley Commissions, 6815 8 Street control of gibberellic hormonal activities are cline in soil's capacity to produce ecosystem
th
NE, Calgary, AB T2E 7H7, Canada. increasingly used for temperate forage seed ser vices essential to human wellbeing and
crops around the world Various study results nature conser vancy The Green Revolution
Agriculture faces grand challenges of meeting show that the anti­gibberellic PGRs reduce of the 1960s was a global success story and
growing food demands while reducing envi­ plant height diminish lodging and increase drastic increase in agronomic production
ronmental impacts An integrated approach seed yield A number of field experiments with (e g cereals such as wheat and rice) saved
is required to design cropping systems and PGRs were conducted on creeping red fescue hundreds of millions from starvation Between
achieve the goal of agricultural sustainability (Festuca rubra L ssp rubra Gaudin) mead­ 1961 and 2020 global population increased
under climate change A 4­year crop rotation ow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm) and by a factor of 2 5 (3 2 to 7 8 B) However global
study was established in 2018 at seven sites timothy (Phleum pratense L ) seed crops at cereal production increased by 3 3 times
across the Canadian Prairies including Bea­ Beaverlodge Research Farm and its outreach (0 99 to 3 Gt) Therefore the per capita cereal
verlodge Lacombe and Lethbridge AB; Mel­ areas in the Peace River region Two PGRs production increased 32% (284 to 376 kg)
fort Scott and Swif Current SK; and Carman trinexapac­ethyl and chlormequat chloride In addition to adoption of input­responsive
MB The overall ob ective of this pro ect is to were applied at two­node (BBCH 31­32) and/ dwarf varieties significantly high agronomic
develop resilient cropping systems in diferent or early heading (BBCH 51­52) growth stages yields were obtained by drastic increase in
ecoZones on the Canadian Prairies This study The seed crop species exhibited diferential input of fertiliZers such as N (9 2 times) P (5
tested six cropping systems consisting of 1) responses to PGR application in that creeping times) and K (4 8 times) Furthermore the
conventional cropping system (Control) 2) red fescue was least responsive while mead­ irrigated land are increased 2 4 times (144
pulse­ or oilseed­intensified cropping system ow bromegrass and timothy showed moder­ to 350 M ha) Such an Increase in use of chemi­
(POS) 3) diversified cropping system (DS) ate to high response in terms of reduction in cals (e g fertiliZers and pesticides) caused
4) market­driven cropping system (MS) 5) plant height and lodging and increasing seed eutrophication of natural waters pollution of
high risk and high reward cropping system yield Those responses were highly dependent air and emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs)
(HRHRS) and 6) green­manure incorporated on the growing season weather condition Global temperatures have already increased
soil­health focused cropping system (GMS) Generally PGR application was more efective by 1 1 �C and �30% of all anthropogenic
Averaged across all site­years the system yield on seed crops with vigorous growth that emissions are attributed to agriculture There
(e g canola equivalent yield) for MS (2167 kg received well distributed rainfall providing ad­ also exists a serious problem of soil degra­
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ha ) and POS (1758 kg ha ) were 33 and 8% equate moisture in the soil Further studies are dation by a range of processes (i e decline
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higher than Control (1632 kg ha ) respectively; needed to understand physiological mecha­ in soil structure compaction accelerated
while the CEY for DS (1537 kg ha ) HRHRS nisms for diferential responses of forage seed erosion saliniZation acidification depletion of
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(1451 kg ha ) and GMS (1319 kg ha ) were 6 crops to PGR application soil organic matter or SOM content nutrient/
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11 and 19% lower than Control respectively elemental imbalance) Some soils are already
Yield stability as indicated by the coeficient 116. Effect of time of seeding and stage of extinct some others are endangered and
of variation follows the order of GMS � POS harvesting on MasterGarze corn in North­ the issue of "peak soil' is a global concern
� Control � DS � MS � HRHRS The prelimi­ western Ontario Adverse efects of a se vere depletion of SOM
nar y results suggest that a balance between TS SAHOTA Lakehead University, 955 Oliver content (ofen below 0 5% in the surface layer
yield and stability need to be achieved when Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario, P7B 5E1, Canada. in agricultural soils of South Asia Sub­Saharan
designing a cropping system
Abstract Withdrawn
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